Portions of this discussion is particularly indebted to MacDonald (1989) cited in detail below. Third we choose methods and materials that fit the first to diagnostic steps.Īt PLASTER REPAIR METHOD CHOICES on this page we review these steps in more detail here and we conclude with a list of plaster repair method standards and documents that you can download in free PDF format for still more-detailed plaster repair advice and step by step procedures.Īt PLASTER REPAIR DETAILED GUIDES also on this page we provide links to free PDF downloads that offer more detail about the steps and products used to repair interior plaster ceilings & walls. See PLASTER TYPES & METHODS in BUILDINGS 3. Stucco coatings on hard surfaces such as masonry block, brick, stoneįor help figuring out what kind of plaster system was used in or on your building.Second, for a successful plaster repair job it's helpful to understand the type of plaster system that we are going to repair. Just how plaster can and should be repaired depends on the type of damage and its cause.Īt P LASTER DAMAGE CAUSES, TYPES on this pafge we describe the basic types of plaster damage and their implications for repair. Diagnose the type of plaster damageįirst, to make a successful (safe, durable, economical) repair of damaged plaster in buildings we should first do some diagnostic or detective work to understand the type of plaster damage failure that needs repair. 21) points out that while experienced plasterers are needed for any extensive plaster installation or repair work, minor repairs of stress cracks, small areas of loose plaster, and small holes or areas of lost plaster are well within the abilities of many building owners. If you see a very smooth finish, or if in an edge view (photo above) you see a plaster base made of paper-covered gypsum board, your plaster ceiling or wall covering is all-gypsum materials.ĭetails are at PLASTER INGREDIENTS, MIX, COMPONENTS Tip: If you see grains of sand in the finish plaster coat it's probably all lime and sand. For a time both were used, lime plaster for the base or scratch coat and fine, hard, smooth gypsum based plaster for the top or finish coat in buildings. Lime plaster consists of ground, heated lime (from limestone, or in some areas oyster shells), a strengthening fiber (sometimes animal hair or straw), and sand.īy 1900 gypsum could be used in place of the more-difficult and potentially more harmful lime. Our photo shows a more modern plaster system that used gypsum board as a base onto which a thin coat of plaster, usually gypsum-based, was applied. In North America plaster was widely used in building interiors and on some building exteriors from at least the 1700s right up through the 1940s, and continues in use in some buildings even today.Įarly three-coat plaster systems (coarse, scratch coat, finish coat) up to about 1900 used a lime mix while later plaster systems and modern ones use a gypsum mix. We also provide an ARTICLE INDEX for this topic, or you can try the page top or bottom SEARCH BOX as a quick way to find information you need. In this article series we describe and discuss the identification and history of older interior building surface materials such plaster, plaster board, split wood lath, accordion lath, sawn lath, and expanded metal lath, Beaverboard, and Drywall - materials that were used to form the (usually) non-structural surface of building interior ceilings and walls. Here we describe the types of plaster damage and plaster repair methods that vary depending on the damage cause and type and the plaster system that was used at your building. How to diagnose and repair damaged plaster walls or ceilings or damaged stucco surfaces. We have no relationship with advertisers, products, or services discussed at this website. InspectAPedia tolerates no conflicts of interest.
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